12 checklists free from bias

A 2013 study at the University of Pennsylvania scientifically identified the cause of the bias. According to it, intuition and logical thinking conflict and bias occurs.
It seems that if you take a middle ground between intuitive judgment and logical judgment, or if you try to finely chop the judgment criteria, you will discover a new viewpoint and release the bias.

So, check 12 debias checklists to release the bias.

1. Education-Knowing Bias

To know the existence of bias in psychology and to learn about bias . Obviously, that's right, but for the time being, it's different from the bias in the electrical class. By studying and understanding
the illusions and beliefs of thoughts , you will become aware that you are biased.
Also, learning statistics and probability statistics seems to be effective in recognizing and understanding bias.

2.One at a Time Strategy-Examine each option one by one

If you have a lot of choices, consider each one individually and judge the advantages and disadvantages of each.

In other words, when trying to buy what you want on Amazon, when there are multiple products or multiple shops and you are wondering where to buy, we decide only by the price, by the number of reviews, or by the number of stars. It's easy to make mistakes by making decisions based on only one index or by being pulled by easy- to- understand features , but
"This shop has a good evaluation, but the price is high, and there are many orders for many reviews. reliable it is a shop "from
but is" here evaluation is less price is cheap. store openings might not be between you, "
etc., bias born a new perspective by determining against one by one to each It doesn't depend on.
This way, you won't have to say "I should have done it over there!"

3. Positive Hind Site-Imagine Failure

A positive hind site, that is, to make a positive logic afterwards, that is, to assume a negative and positively correct it.

Many people tend to overestimate their chances of success, focusing on information that is convenient for them or that supports their thinking, narrowing their horizons.
So, assuming your actions that you think will succeed, "what will happen if you fail, what kind of failure is possible" , reflect on whether there was a similar failure in the past, and imagine a positive and negative future. Then, think about how to overcome it.

In other words, if you think that it is intuitively correct, try simulating what happens in the opposite case , and think about countermeasures in that case . Remove the bias that "my idea is correct".

4. Dialectical bootstrap-between intuition and logic

Simply put, it's about adopting a middle ground between intuitive and logical judgment.
1. First, intuitively judge the importance
2. Judgment when it is wrong
3. Take the middle of the two (interim opinion)

For example, when you are at a loss at the place of employment, "I want to get a job at a large company, but venture companies may have a future and rewarding depending on the industry", if you adopt an intermediate judgment, you can make a decision that is hard to fail It seems that the research knows.

It means that extremely biased judgments can easily lead to mistakes .
The idea is not to make such mistakes.

5. Problem division-judgment step by step

It seems that people are generally addicted to the trap of overconfidence or underconfidence.
Certainly I am not confident in many things. But wait a minute, and if you're not confident about your goal, you can get out of that trap by subdividing the steps to that goal and making the decision to clear each one.

If the problem is divided into about 10 and the number of judgments increases, a new perspective will be born, and it seems that it will be possible to get out of the cognitive distortion "all or nothing thinking".

6. Time unpacking-Increase the number of judgments by dividing the time

It means to divide the time into small pieces and imagine the future.
For example, if you set a goal three months later, you can predict the future by dividing it into small
pieces such as "What will happen to the future one month later?" And
" What will happen to the future two months later ?"
It means that viewpoints are born and each can be judged.

Finding a new perspective will allow you to modify your goals for the better and make better decisions about what to do.

5. As with problem division, "increasing the number of judgment trials" is the key to making it easier to notice bias in thinking.

7. Checklist-List of actions and standards

Set certain actions and rules for your actions.
It's similar to the If ~ then rule, and makes a list that defines what to do and the rules (situations) related to it.

For example, if you wake up in the morning:
・ Stretch (action) Within 20 seconds of getting out of bed (rule)
・ Bed-making (action) Before changing clothes (rule)

It seems that mistakes in judgment will be greatly reduced if you make it as detailed as possible .
The study found that misjudgment was reduced by 46%. It's a pretty big number.

8. Incentives-Rewards

It seems to be useful when you know that doing this is correct, but you can't make the right decision .
For example, if you create a situation where you can make the right decision when you say, "If you eat after 9 pm, you will get fat, but you want to eat!", The improvement rate will increase.

However, this method does not promote rational thinking, so it is best to use it when you know it but you are not motivated .

9. Accountability-Your behavior changes depending on your surroundings

Knowing how people around you are acting will affect your behavior.
In other words, it means that you can review your own judgment by incorporating the judgments of those around you as your own judgment material, rather than your own judgment, and reduce mistakes in judgment.

For example, if I don't go to elections, but the survey results of my neighbors often say "go to elections," it would be a good idea to reconsider whether to go or not. Unexpected people are easily influenced by their surroundings.

Then, on the contrary, if you build an environment where people who are doing ideal behavior are around you, you will be influenced and you will be ideal, and if you associate with a strong-willed person, your will will become stronger.

I don't know if you can get rich when you go out with a rich person, but the way the rich person thinks influences your judgment, so you may end up getting closer to the rich. Rich people, make friends with me!

10. Planning Prompt-My Manual

The process and detailed setup for desirable behavior are determined in detail at the instruction manual level.
7. Similar to the checklist, but

For example, the procedure for writing a blog is
1. Decide on a
theme 2.
Find out according to the theme 3. Make a note in a notebook
4. Write a mind map
5. Decide on a chapter heading 6.
Enter in WordPress

If it is a setup, it means to divide it into smaller pieces and decide the steps so that others can write the blog in the same way.

Since I can organize and understand what to do, the psychological barriers are lowered and the feeling of trouble is eliminated . It's easy to clear one by one along the steps.

11. Force Break-Forced Good Night

What is common to some of the above is to "create a situation where the number of trials of judgment is large", but it is also important to put a break point and a rest timing between the thoughts of that judgment.
If you make decisions and actions at once, you are more likely to make mistakes, so take some time to think slowly. The faster you make decisions, the more likely you are to rely on your intuition.

If you take a break and rest your brain in a daze, your thoughts will be organized and new ideas and new perspectives will be easily born. You can also reconfirm your judgment up to that point.

12. Advance Choice-Determine in advance

It is not a daily action, but an action such as how to get through or overcome difficult things that may occur in the future, and rules for making decisions.
The brain makes us think that it is safe to maintain the status quo, so in order to logically overcome it, we decide to "act like this at such times."

For example, running or muscle training is fine, but when you get into the habit of exercising, when you have a "messy bias" that you can't start with "it's annoying", in my case, "let's just change clothes" I will change my clothes. I have decided to go running when I change my clothes, so I will go running.

Summary

These 12 techniques are hard to remember because there are a lot of technical terms, but what I can say in common is

"Increase the number of judgment trials
"
" Do not rely on intuition" "Do not adopt extreme judgment"

Feeling like that.
When you need to make a decision and make one decision, you can divide it into small pieces in the process, assume the opposite decision, or stop and check the decision, "Isn't it biased?" You should doubt it.

It is said that you should make your own judgment without taking the information, but you should not be impatient with that judgment.

"University of Pennsylvania 12 Debias Guide for Relationships to Investment Decisions"
https://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/1552229589